How long to image the Antennae Galaxies with the Vaonis Vespera Pro
From a Bortle 6 suburban sky, the Vaonis Vespera Pro needs about 4 h 28 min (1,606 subs of 10 s) for a solid image of the Antennae Galaxies. A quick look takes 1 h 07 min; a showpiece 18 h. Under a Bortle 3 rural sky the solid figure drops to 1 h 57 min. At Bortle 6 the limit is skyglow, so a darker site or a filter helps more than longer subs. In this scope's field it fills 5% of the frame’s short side.
| Sky | Quick lookTarget obvious, still noisy | SolidClean enough to share | ShowpieceSmooth faint detail, print-worthy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bortle 1Excellent dark site | 26 min155 subs | 1 h 43 min618 subs | 6 h 51 min2,469 subs |
| Bortle 2Typical dark site | 27 min162 subs | 1 h 48 min648 subs | 7 h 12 min2,591 subs |
| Bortle 3Rural | 29 min177 subs | 1 h 57 min705 subs | 7 h 50 min2,820 subs |
| Bortle 4Rural / suburban transition | 35 min212 subs | 2 h 21 min845 subs | 9 h 23 min3,377 subs |
| Bortle 5Suburban | 44 min267 subs | 2 h 57 min1,065 subs | 12 h4,259 subs |
| Bortle 6Bright suburban | 1 h 07 min402 subs | 4 h 28 min1,606 subs | 18 h6,424 subs |
| Bortle 7Suburban / urban transition | 1 h 50 min660 subs | 7 h 19 min2,637 subs | 29 h10,548 subs |
| Bortle 8City | 2 h 57 min1,060 subs | 12 h4,238 subs | 47 h16,951 subs |
| Bortle 9Inner city | 5 h 19 min1,913 subs | 21 h7,652 subs | 85 h30,608 subs |
Power and kit for this session
Allowing for slewing, focusing and rejected subs, that is about 5 h 48 min of run time. The Vespera Pro’s battery (rated about 11 h) should cover it; a power bank still keeps the phone running the app alive. (Bortle 6, solid image; we allow 30% over the integration time.)
- USB-C PD power bank 20000mAh 30WExtends the 11 h battery; 30 W PD per Vaonis.
- red LED head torchRed light keeps your night vision; white light costs you twenty minutes of dark adaptation every time.
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How it frames
The Antennae Galaxies is 5′ × 3′ across. The Vespera Pro frames 1.62° × 1.62° at 1.65″ per pixel, so it fills 5% of the frame’s short side.
Longer subs
10 s subs by default; Expert Mode manual targets allow 1 to 30 s. Alt-azimuth only, no EQ mode. Time for a solid image by sub length:
| Sub length | Bortle 3 | Bortle 5 | Bortle 7 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 s | 1 h 57 min705 subs | 2 h 57 min1,065 subs | 7 h 19 min2,637 subs |
| 20 s | 1 h 39 min296 subs | 2 h 39 min476 subs | 7 h 01 min1,262 subs |
| 30 s | 1 h 32 min185 subs | 2 h 32 min305 subs | 6 h 54 min829 subs |
About the Antennae Galaxies
Two colliding galaxies with long tidal tails. The cores are reachable; the antennae themselves are a dark-sky, long-integration task.
NGC 4038 and NGC 4039, Caldwell 60/61 · Galaxy in Corvus · magnitude 10.3 · 5′ × 3′ · best in Mar, Apr, May. Reachable from mid-northern latitudes (UK, northern US, central Europe) and from the south.
Galaxies are broadband targets: their light is mostly starlight spread across the spectrum, so a dual-band filter throws most of it away and makes things slower, not faster. Shoot without a filter (or with a plain UV/IR cut) and rely on total time and a dark sky. The core of a galaxy is usually many times brighter than its outer disc, so a short stack shows the nucleus long before the arms; the figures here are for the arms and disc, not the core.
Field rotation in Alt-Az mode crops the edges of the stack over a long session, so on a big galaxy re-centre now and then or use EQ mode where your scope supports it.
About the Vaonis Vespera Pro
The square-sensor Vespera with 2 µm pixels. Higher resolution than the II, and correspondingly slower per pixel: expect around double the time for the same per-pixel SNR. Run-out in 2026 and replaced by the Vespera Pro 2.
10 s subs by default; Expert Mode manual targets allow 1 to 30 s. Alt-azimuth only, no EQ mode. Optional clip-on Vaonis filters: dual-band, light-pollution (CLS) and solar.
Longer subs matter most under dark skies, where read noise rather than skyglow sets the floor. From a city the difference between 10 s and 30 s subs is small; from a rural site it can halve the total time, especially with a dual-band filter in place.
Stack across nights. Every smart scope app can continue a stack or you can combine the saved frames on a computer; the figures here are totals, not single-session limits.
Have an image of the Antennae Galaxies from a Vespera Pro? Email it with your total time and sky to [email protected] and it goes here, credited.
Same target, other telescopes
- Antennae Galaxies with the ZWO Seestar S50: 2 h from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the ZWO Seestar S50 Pro: 2 h 11 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the ZWO Seestar S30: 2 h 06 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the ZWO Seestar S30 Pro: 2 h 19 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the DwarfLab DWARF 3: 2 h 54 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the DwarfLab DWARF mini: 1 h 59 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the DwarfLab Draco: 1 h 38 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the DwarfLab DWARF II: 6 h 48 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the Vaonis Vespera II: 2 h from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the Vaonis Vespera 3: 1 h 54 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the Vaonis Vespera Pro 2: 4 h 15 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the Unistellar eQuinox 2: 1 h 48 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the Unistellar Odyssey: 8 h 16 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the Celestron Origin: 32 min from Bortle 6
- Antennae Galaxies with the Celestron Origin Mark II: 44 min from Bortle 6
All telescopes for the Antennae Galaxies · All targets for the Vespera Pro