How long to image the Tulip Nebula with the DwarfLab DWARF mini
From a Bortle 6 suburban sky, the DwarfLab DWARF mini needs about 2 h 20 min (561 subs of 15 s with the built-in dual-band filter) for a solid image of the Tulip Nebula. A quick look takes 35 min; a showpiece 9 h 20 min. Under a Bortle 3 rural sky the solid figure drops to 1 h 35 min. At Bortle 6 the limit is a mix of skyglow and read noise. In this scope's field it fills 22% of the frame’s short side.
| Sky | Quick lookTarget obvious, still noisy | SolidClean enough to share | ShowpieceSmooth faint detail, print-worthy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bortle 1Excellent dark site | 23 min91 subs | 1 h 31 min364 subs | 6 h 03 min1,454 subs |
| Bortle 2Typical dark site | 23 min93 subs | 1 h 32 min370 subs | 6 h 09 min1,478 subs |
| Bortle 3Rural | 24 min96 subs | 1 h 35 min381 subs | 6 h 21 min1,524 subs |
| Bortle 4Rural / suburban transition | 26 min103 subs | 1 h 42 min409 subs | 6 h 49 min1,635 subs |
| Bortle 5Suburban | 28 min114 subs | 1 h 53 min453 subs | 7 h 33 min1,811 subs |
| Bortle 6Bright suburban | 35 min141 subs | 2 h 20 min561 subs | 9 h 20 min2,242 subs |
| Bortle 7Suburban / urban transition | 48 min192 subs | 3 h 12 min767 subs | 13 h3,065 subs |
| Bortle 8City | 1 h 08 min272 subs | 4 h 31 min1,086 subs | 18 h4,343 subs |
| Bortle 9Inner city | 1 h 50 min442 subs | 7 h 22 min1,767 subs | 29 h7,067 subs |
Power and kit for this session
Allowing for slewing, focusing and rejected subs, that is about 3 h 02 min of run time. The DWARF mini’s battery is rated at about 3 h 30 min, which is cutting it fine; take a power bank. (Bortle 6, solid image; we allow 30% over the integration time.)
- USB-C PD power bank 10000mAh 20W7,000 mAh inside, about four hours; a PD bank extends the night.
- red LED head torchRed light keeps your night vision; white light costs you twenty minutes of dark adaptation every time.
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Everything that fits the DWARF mini →
How it frames
The Tulip Nebula is 16′ × 9′ across. The DWARF mini frames 2.13° × 1.20° at 3.99″ per pixel, so it fills 22% of the frame’s short side.
Longer subs
Auto mode caps subs at 15 s; 30 s and longer need EQ mode, and 90 s is the ceiling. Time for a solid image by sub length:
| Sub length | Bortle 3 | Bortle 5 | Bortle 7 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15 s | 1 h 35 min381 subs | 1 h 53 min453 subs | 3 h 12 min767 subs |
| 30 s | 1 h 08 min137 subs | 1 h 26 min173 subs | 2 h 45 min330 subs |
| 60 s | 55 min55 subs | 1 h 13 min73 subs | 2 h 31 min152 subs |
| 90 s | 50 min34 subs | 1 h 08 min46 subs | 2 h 27 min98 subs |
With and without the dual-band filter
| Filter | Bortle 3 | Bortle 5 | Bortle 7 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Astro (no light-pollution filter) | 1 h 23 min334 subs | 2 h 22 min569 subs | 6 h 38 min1,593 subs |
| dual-band | 1 h 35 min381 subs | 1 h 53 min453 subs | 3 h 12 min767 subs |
About the Tulip Nebula
A compact hydrogen bloom in Cygnus near the black hole Cygnus X-1. Small and moderately faint; dual-band.
Sh2-101 · Emission nebula in Cygnus · magnitude 9.0 · 16′ × 9′ · best in Jul, Aug, Sep. Reachable from mid-northern latitudes (UK, northern US, central Europe) and from the south.
Emission nebulae glow in a few narrow lines, mostly hydrogen-alpha (deep red) and doubly ionised oxygen (teal). A dual-band filter passes those lines and blocks most skyglow, which is why it cuts the time needed from a suburban sky so dramatically. Use it. From a genuinely dark site the gain is smaller because there is less skyglow to block, and read noise becomes the limit, which is where longer subs (EQ mode, or Expert Mode on a Vespera) earn their keep.
Stars lose colour through a dual-band filter; a short broadband stack blended in fixes that if you care.
About the DwarfLab DWARF mini
DwarfLab’s answer to the Seestar S30: same sensor and focal length, big pixels, dual-band filter built in, and 90 s subs in EQ mode. Sensitivity over megapixels.
Auto mode caps subs at 15 s; 30 s and longer need EQ mode, and 90 s is the ceiling. Built-in Astro (430 to 690 nm), dark-frame and dual-band Hα / OIII filters; no plain VIS filter on the tele camera.
Longer subs matter most under dark skies, where read noise rather than skyglow sets the floor. From a city the difference between 15 s and 90 s subs is small; from a rural site it can halve the total time, especially with a dual-band filter in place.
Stack across nights. Every smart scope app can continue a stack or you can combine the saved frames on a computer; the figures here are totals, not single-session limits.
Have an image of the Tulip Nebula from a DWARF mini? Email it with your total time and sky to [email protected] and it goes here, credited.
Same target, other telescopes
- Tulip Nebula with the ZWO Seestar S50: 2 h 22 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the ZWO Seestar S50 Pro: 2 h 40 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the ZWO Seestar S30: 2 h 47 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the ZWO Seestar S30 Pro: 2 h 53 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the DwarfLab DWARF 3: 2 h 55 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the DwarfLab Draco: 1 h 52 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the DwarfLab DWARF II: 13 h from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the Vaonis Vespera II: 3 h 51 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the Vaonis Vespera Pro: 8 h 39 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the Vaonis Vespera 3: 3 h 41 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the Vaonis Vespera Pro 2: 8 h 15 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the Unistellar eQuinox 2: 3 h 32 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the Unistellar Odyssey: 16 h from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the Celestron Origin: 1 h 01 min from Bortle 6
- Tulip Nebula with the Celestron Origin Mark II: 1 h 24 min from Bortle 6
All telescopes for the Tulip Nebula · All targets for the DWARF mini